NEW YORK STATE and CITYThree people heavily influence New York state government: George Pataki, Sheldon Silver, and Joseph Bruno. The most powerful leader of the Democratic Party in NY state government is Assembly Speaker Sheldon Silver. The most powerful Republican Party leader in NY is Governor George Pataki. The state Senate Temporary President is Republican Joseph Bruno.
all elected city officials except judges
Queens judges
Candidates in judicial elections should disclose money they paid to political recipients in the few years before the eletion (for example: money paid by judicial candidates for attendance of the candidates and their many guests at political, fund-raising dinners). In election campaigns for judgeships, contributions by candidates are usually more interesting than contributions to candidates.
Borough President Helen Marshall
County District Attorney Richard Allen Brown
Queens news Queens Tribune
The Queens County Democratic leader is former Representative Thomas Manton, probably the most powerful politician in Queens.
The Green Party has a Queens chapter.
The Libertarian Party has a Queens chapter.
The Queens County Republican leader is State Senator Serphin R. "Serf" Maltese.
New York City Board of Elections offices sell detailed district maps on large sheets of paper.
In declining order of size as measured by statewide voter registrations on 1 November 2000, the four biggest parties (both in New York State and in New York City) were the Democratic, Republican, Independence, and Conservative parties. For more statistics about voter registration in New York State and New York City on 1 November 2000, click here.
In declining order of size as measured by statewide votes cast for president on 7 November 2000, the four biggest parties were the Democratic (Gore), Republican (Bush), Green (Nader), and Conservative (Bush) parties. On that day, New York state's voters voted for president (Democrat, Working Family, and Liberal Al Gore 60%; Republican and Conservative George Bush 35%; Green Ralph Nader 4%) and for a U.S. senator (Hillary Clinton 55%, Rick Lazio 43%).
In declining order of size as measured by citywide votes cast for president on 7 November 2000, the four biggest parties were the Democratic (Gore), Republican (Bush), Green (Nader), and Working Family (Gore) parties. In that New York City presidential election, a few times more votes were cast for the Democratic line (Gore as a Democrat for president) than for the total of all other presidential lines.
In the November 2001 mayoral election, 1,520,443 people voted. Republican and Independence parties candidate Michael "Mike" Bloomberg got 50% of the mayoral vote, Democrat and Working Families parties candidate Mark Green got 47%, and each other mayoral candidate got under 2%.
To get computer media with New York City voter registration information (voter's name, address, party, voting history, etc.), you possibly may consider buying from either:
To legally invest money in political futures contracts (in which payoffs directly depend on American and foreign elections and other political events), you may wish to participate in the Iowa Electronic Markets. These investments can sometimes resemble political bets in which the amount of profit (or loss) depends on the point spread between two candidates in an election.
In declining order of size as measured by Queens voter registrations on 1 November 2000, the four biggest parties were the Democratic (a few times larger than the combined total of all others), Republican, Independence, and Conservative parties. In declining order of size as measured by Queens votes cast for president on 7 November 2000, the four biggest parties were the Democratic (Gore), Republican (Bush), Green (Nader), and Conservative (Bush) parties. In that Queens presidential election, a few times more votes were cast for the Democratic line (Gore as a Democrat for president) than for the total of all other presidential lines.
In the November 2001 mayoral election, there were 390,500 Queens voters. Republican and Independence parties mayoral candidate Michael Bloomberg came in first in Queens, Democrat and Working Families parties candidate Mark Green came in second, and Liberal and Better Schools parties candidate Alan G. Hevesi came in third. On the same election day, there was an election for Queens borough president. Democrat, Liberal, and Working Family parties candidate Helen Marshall got 68% of the vote, Republican and Conservative Alfonso C. Stabile got 31%, and Green Dorothy Williams-Pereira got 1%.
An active voter is a registered voter who has voted in the last 4 years. On 28 March 2001, Queens had 567,057 active Democratic voters, 137,718 active Republican voters, and 10,591 active Independence party voters. On that day, Queens had about 4.1 Democrats for every Republican, as measured by active voters.
The Right to Life Party and the Green Party have state headquarters in Queens.
Below is a description of a billing system of the New York City Department of Finance. The facts are not disputed.
There is an IRS tax form numbered 1120-POL. Non-corporations and non-businesses are allowed to submit that form to the IRS. The IRS requires "certain political organizations" to submit that form. The IRS, at its web site, provides a pdf file with the form and instructions for filling out the form. The pdf instructions, on page 2 (near the top of the middle column), give associations as an examples of organizations which might have to submit the form. As far as I know, the IRS does not mention corporations as an example of organizations which might have to fill out the form. It is clear, from the 1120-POL instructions, that non-corporations are allowed to file and that some non-corporations are required to file.
The IRS gives Finance (the NYC Dept. of Finance) a list of filers of the form 1120-POL who supplied a NYC (New York City) address. I shall refer to the people on the IRS list as federal filers.
There is a GCT (General Corporte Tax) form distributed by Finance. The GCT form is only for corporations which are businesses.
A federal filer does not necessarily have any duty to submit a GCT form (or pay a GCT tax) to Fiance. For example, most federal filer either are not businesses or they are not corporations, or both. I use the term "non-GCT -filer" to designate a federal filer who has not filed a GCT form with Finance.
Finance makes a list of non-GCT-filers, then treats all of them as delinquent tax payers. For example, Finance mails, to each non-GCT-filer (at the address supplied by the IRS), a tax bill for GCT principal, interest on the overdue principal, and penalty. Keep in mind that most non-GCT-filers (as that term is defined above) never had a duty to file a GCT form or pay a GCT tax (because they were not a business, they were not a corporation, or for some other reason).
Mailing those GCT tax bills is a crime because Finance knows that most federal filers never had a duty to pay a GCT tax or file a GCT form. It is probably a New York state crime to knowinlgy mail a fraudulent bill (especially a fraudulent tax bill). It may be a federal postal crime to use the postal system for fraud (in this case, fraudulent billing).
Some recipients of the tax bill may pay the fraudulent bill because they naively trust the city not to mail bills when no money is due.
What remedies are available to victims of these fraudulent bills? How can we prevent fraudulent tax-billing?
The city government is a corporation, which is a kind of person. A corporation (in this case, a body politic) knowingly mails GCT tax bills (including interest and penalty) to New York organizations merely because they filed an IRS form 1120-POL. Corporations (not just humans) may be arrested and criminally prosecuted for white collar crimes. In conjunction with an arrest of the City of New York corporation for fraudulently sending out bills, the federal government should seize property used to do the crime (for example: computer systems of Finance, and Finance-occupied buildings in which the fraudulent tax bills are calculated and prepared for mailing), property which is evidence of the fraudulent billing crime, and property which is loot of t he crime. The city corporation should be required to disgorge all funds obtained by this fraudulent billing scheme, plus interest. The city corporation should not be unjustly enriched by the fraudulent billing scheme. The city government has too much power to be forced to submit to a fair punishment. Because crimianl arrest and related procedures would be fair (in light of the huge scale of the crime), it is almost certain that the federal government would not arrest or criminally prosecute the city government.
A milder measure might be for the IRS to siop handing over lists of filers of form 1120-POL. Even this measure is probably too fair for the IRS to impose.
Maybe there should be a civil RICO action against the city based on a pattern and practice of mailing fraudulent bills
Anyone who reads the federal tax form 1120-POL (and the form's instructions)
sees that it is not limited to corporations which are businesses. Most 1120-POL-filers
are not businesses or are not corporations. The city's GCT is only for corporations
which are businesses.
In April 2003, a Finance employee explained that Finance's tax billing practice results from 1120-POL allegedly being a "corporate form" (although the employee did not define that term). The employee was asked what remedy there is for a federal filer who has wrongly been mailed a Fiance bill for GCT. The employee answered (incorrectly) that the recipient may get an exemption letter from the IRS, then submit the letter to Finance. If Finance is logical, Finance should require that IRS exemption letters be retroactive to the years in which the bill's recipient allegedly was a business corporation. By the way, the correct answer (to the question about the remedy for a federal filer who has wrongly been mailed a Fiance bill for GCT) is that the city government should be arrested for fraudulently mailing the bill.
Some Finance employees (for example, Commissioner Martha E. Stark) participate in this fraudulent billing. Those employees aid and abet the city corporation in its fraudulent billing. Those employees should be arrested and criminally prosecuted, too. Commissioner Stark may live at Martha E. Stark, 920 Union Street, Brooklyn, Kings County, NY 11215, phone (718) 789-2628.
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